Ressources pour le TP 1

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Linux kernel code is administered on something like a feudal basis. Good King Linus sits at the throne and "owns" the bulk of the code. Various other parts of the kernel are "owned" by liege lords. Contributed hacks are funneled to the appropriate noble and either axed or blessed for inclusion. The ruthless efficiency of this competition is reflected not only in the speed and power of Linux itself, but in the improvements seen in each new release. Now consider the Windows operating system. Competition is part of the Windows development process as well, but it's of a different sort. For one thing, it's all of one house -- a single house modeled after a cathedral. Here, the word cathedral is used not in a spiritual sense, mind you, but in the sense described by Eric S. Raymond in his watershed essay "The Cathedral and the Bazaar."

Moreover, competition in the house of Windows is a competition of evil ideas, malignant marketing, and monopoly management. Quality of the code isn't important. Instead, the holy grail -- marketshare and money -- is reached by embracing competitive innovations, thereby extending the Microsoft monopoly and eventually annihilating the competition. In the Linux world, competition doesn't begin and end at the kernel. It extends to every aspect of distribution, packaging, and support. It extends to Linux applications, too, and (as we're seeing more and more these days) on down to the tools used to develop those applications.

This spirited competition also extends to those of us writing about Linux. Not just in e-zines and magazines, but in newspapers and books as well. There is, for example, tremendous competition for all the eyeballs currently reading this column.

As a reader posted in response to a recent column, Red Hat isn't Linux. Amen and amen, brother! Neither is Debian. Or SuSE. Or TurboLinux. Or Slackware. Or Caldera. Or Stampede. Or any other distribution. And all of us in the Linux community reap the benefits of that situation. You don't care for the commercial distributions? Fine. Thanks to the open market that surrounds open software, you can choose not to support any of them. You prefer a commercial distribution? Great. You have your choice of a number of fine ones. Or you can simply download the Linux source code and create your own. It's all good. Whatever floats your boat.

Personally, I want to see Linux continue to gain marketshare, both in the server world and on the desktop. Unless people and firms are able to achieve commercial success with open source software in general (and Linux in particular), the ceiling will remain far too low for my tastes.

Texte tiré de Competition keeps Linux lean, susceptible de changer l'année prochaine...

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Financement	Cost in $	Coût en euros
Occupation de l'Irak	$75 to $500 billion	69-92 milliards d'euros
Reconstruction de l'Irak	$105 billion	96 milliards d'euros
Actions humanitaires en Irak	$10 billion at minimum	9 milliards d'euros
Impact macroéconomique de l'Irak	$400 billion	367 milliards d'euros
PNB de Chypre	$11 billion	10 milliards d'euros
PNB de la République Tchèque	$68 billion	63 milliards d'euros
PNB de l'Estonie	$7 billion	6 milliards d'euros
PNB de l'Hongrie	$62 billion	57 milliards d'euros
PNB de la Lettonie	$9 billion	8 milliards d'euros
PNB de la Lithuanie	$14 billion	13 milliards d'euros
PNB de Malte	$4 billion	4 milliards d'euros
PNB de Pologne	$213 billion	196 milliards d'euros
PNB de Slovaquie	$24 billion	22 milliards d'euros
PNB de Slovénie	$23 billion	21 milliards d'euros